GUS

Many old Demos/Intros support the GUS (Gravis Ultra Sound). There is a tool that can emulate the GUS in a DOS-Box under Windows.
GUSEmu Homepage

SoundBlaster

VDMSound is a tool that emulates a SoundBlaster for the DOS-Box in Windows NT/2000. It's released under the GPL, so you can also get the source!
VDMSound Homepage

SoundFX 2000 from Softsystems is a tool similar to VDMSound. It was a limited Shareware that worked only 3 minutes for each program, but it was later published as Open Source.
SoundFX web page (Wayback Machine)
SoundFX 2.04
Registry key (to disable time limit)
SoundFX Source Code